CDP-2010-37-2-04, Examining and understanding the joint role of caffeine and alcohol in facilitating violent offending and victimization by JOSEPH B. KUHNS, et al.

The study draws attention to the importance of considering and
controlling for caffeine and the interactive effects between caffeine
and alcohol when investigating aggressive and violent behavior.
Various pathways between caffeine and alcohol consumption and
aggression and violence are examined. Given recent changes in
preferences and availability of caffeine and energy drinks among
licit and illicit substance users, this study argues for the importance
of focusing research attention on the role of caffeine, particularly
when combined with alcohol, in facilitating violent outcomes.
Evidence suggests that both caffeine and alcohol are linked to
aggression and violence and that both substances should be
considered within the context of our efforts to manage the negative
consequences of drugs. Caffeine, via energy drink consumption, may
contribute to violent offending and victimization in a variety of
ways. Evidence suggests that caffeine/energy drink consumption is
popular among a subculture of toxic jock users, may motivate and
facilitate increased alcohol consumption particularly in late nighttime
economies, and can potentially contribute to disrupted
decision-making. Recent increases in caffeinated-product
availability, marketing, and consumption necessitate focused
research and policy attention. Many of these products are consumed
with alcohol and/or in late evening settings by individuals that are
already at increased risk for violent offending and victimization.